Moxacil (Amoxicillin)

Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Moxacil is a prescription-only antibiotic. Do not use this medication if you have a history of allergy to penicillin.

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Moxacil (Amoxicillin): A Complete Guide to the Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic

Manufacturer: Medical Union Pharmaceuticals (MUP), Ismailia, Egypt

Category: Broad-Spectrum Aminopenicillin Antibiotic

Active Ingredient: Amoxicillin (as trihydrate)

Available Forms:

• Capsules: 500 mg
• Powder for Oral Suspension: 125 mg/5 ml and 250 mg/5 ml

Summary

Moxacil is a widely used, broad-spectrum antibiotic containing Amoxicillin. It belongs to the penicillin family and is effective against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It is used to treat numerous common infections, including those of the respiratory tract, urinary tract, ear, nose, and throat. Moxacil works by killing bacteria (bactericidal action) and is known for its good absorption when taken orally.

Mechanism of Action: How Moxacil Works

Moxacil's active ingredient, Amoxicillin, is a bactericidal antibiotic. It works by interfering with the bacteria's ability to build their cell walls. It adheres to specific proteins (penicillin-binding proteins) in the bacteria, which inhibits the final step of cell wall synthesis. This weakens the cell wall, causing the bacterium to rupture and die.

Therapeutic Indications: When is Moxacil Used?

Moxacil is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible organisms, including:

• Respiratory Tract Infections: Bronchitis, pneumonia.
• Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) Infections: Otitis media (middle ear infection), sinusitis, pharyngitis.
• Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): Acute and chronic UTIs like cystitis.
• Gastrointestinal Tract Infections: Such as those caused by *Salmonella*.
• Skin and Soft Tissue Infections.
• Dental Abscess.
• Uncomplicated Gonorrhea.

Dosage and Administration

Dosage is determined by the physician based on the type and severity of the infection.

• Standard Adult Dose (for most systemic infections): 500 mg (one capsule) every 8 hours.
• Standard Pediatric Dose: 20 to 40 mg per kg of body weight per day, given in divided doses every 8 hours.
• Special Dosing Regimens:
  • Uncomplicated Gonorrhea: A single dose of 3 g (6 capsules) is given orally, usually with 1 g of probenecid to increase its effectiveness.
  • Uncomplicated UTIs: A single dose of 3 g (6 capsules) may be prescribed.
• Renal Impairment: The dosing interval must be increased (e.g., to every 12 hours) in patients with moderate to severe kidney failure.

Key Contraindications, Warnings, and Interactions

• Contraindications:
  • Strictly contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity (allergy) to any penicillin or cephalosporin antibiotic.
  • Should not be used in patients with infectious mononucleosis ("mono"), as it is highly likely to cause a non-allergic skin rash.
• Drug Interactions:
  • Allopurinol: Concomitant use may increase the incidence of skin rash.
  • Probenecid: Blocks the excretion of Moxacil, leading to higher and more prolonged blood levels.
  • Methotrexate: Moxacil can interfere with the excretion of methotrexate, potentially leading to toxicity.
• Pregnancy and Lactation: Moxacil is classified as Pregnancy Risk Category "B" and is generally considered safe for use during pregnancy when an antibiotic is needed. However, it is excreted in breast milk, and an alternative feeding method may be recommended.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What is the most important thing to know before taking Moxacil?

You must be certain that you are not allergic to penicillin. An allergic reaction can be severe and life-threatening. Inform your doctor of any previous reaction to any antibiotic.

Why can't I take Moxacil if I have mono?

Infectious mononucleosis is a viral infection. In patients with mono, Amoxicillin frequently causes an extensive, itchy, non-allergic rash that can be mistaken for a penicillin allergy. Since antibiotics don't work on viruses anyway, it should be avoided.

How should I store the reconstituted suspension?

Once the dry powder is mixed with water, the suspension must be kept refrigerated and used within 14 days. The dry powder and capsules should be stored in a dry place at room temperature.

Sources

1. Amoxicillin Information - Drugs.com
2. Amoxicillin - StatPearls, NCBI
3. Official Product Leaflet for Moxacil.