Farcosolvin (Ambroxol, Guaifenesin, Theophylline)

Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Due to the presence of Theophylline, this medication must be used with caution and only as prescribed by a doctor, especially in patients with pre-existing health conditions.

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Farcosolvin: A Guide to the Triple-Action Respiratory Formula

Manufacturer: PHARCO Pharmaceuticals, Alexandria, Egypt

Category: Mucolytic, Expectorant, and Bronchodilator

Active Ingredients:

Ingredient	Per 5 ml Syrup	Per 1 S.G. Capsule
Ambroxol HCl	15 mg	30 mg
Guaifenesin	30 mg	100 mg
Theophylline Anhydrous	50 mg	60 mg

Summary

Farcosolvin is a powerful combination medication designed to treat complex respiratory symptoms. It uniquely combines three active ingredients that work synergistically to provide a simultaneous mucolytic (breaks down mucus), expectorant (helps expel mucus), and bronchodilator (widens airways) effect. It is used to relieve coughs associated with thick, sticky secretions and bronchospasm, helping to make the cough more productive and breathing easier.

Mechanism of Action: A Three-Pronged Attack on Cough and Congestion

Farcosolvin's effectiveness comes from its three active ingredients targeting different aspects of respiratory distress:

1. Ambroxol HCl: A potent mucolytic agent. It works by breaking down the structure of thick, viscous mucus in the airways, making it thinner and easier to clear.
2. Guaifenesin: A classic expectorant. It increases the output of respiratory fluid and reduces the stickiness of secretions. This helps to lubricate the airways and facilitates the removal of phlegm through a more efficient cough.
3. Theophylline: A bronchodilator. It relaxes the smooth muscles of the bronchi, widening the airways to relieve bronchospasm and improve airflow. It also enhances the body's natural mucus-clearing mechanisms (mucociliary clearance).

Therapeutic Indications: When to Use Farcosolvin

Farcosolvin is indicated for the treatment of productive and non-productive coughs associated with thick mucus and bronchospasm in acute and chronic respiratory diseases, such as:

• Tracheobronchitis or bronchitis (due to infection, irritants, or smoking).
• Asthmatic bronchitis.
• Bronchopneumonia and Pneumonia.
• Emphysema.
• Bronchiectasis.

Dosage and Administration

Important: Not for children under 2 years. Use in children under 6 requires medical supervision.

• Adults and Children (over 12 years): 1-3 teaspoonfuls of syrup OR 1-2 capsules, three times daily.
• Children (6 - 12 years): 1-2 teaspoonfuls of syrup, three to four times daily.
• Children (2 - 6 years): 1/2 to 1 teaspoonful of syrup, three to four times daily, ONLY under medical supervision.

Contraindications and Precautions

• Contraindications: Known hypersensitivity to any of the components.
• Theophylline Precautions: Due to the presence of Theophylline, Farcosolvin must be given with caution to patients with a history of:
  • Peptic ulcer
  • Hypertension (high blood pressure)
  • Severe cardiac, hepatic (liver), or renal (kidney) disease
• Pregnancy and Lactation: Should only be given if clearly indicated and prescribed by a doctor.
• Side Effects: Farcosolvin is generally well-tolerated. Rarely, transient nausea or vomiting may occur.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What kind of cough is Farcosolvin best for?

It is best for a "complex" cough that has multiple elements: thick, hard-to-clear mucus AND a feeling of tightness or wheezing (bronchospasm). It helps convert a dry, hacking cough into a productive one and makes that productive cough more effective.

Why are there so many warnings associated with Theophylline?

Theophylline has a "narrow therapeutic index," which means the dose required for it to be effective is close to the dose that can cause serious side effects. Patients with heart, liver, or kidney problems may not clear the drug properly, leading to toxic levels. This is why medical supervision is essential.

Can I take Farcosolvin for a simple dry cough from a cold?

While it can relieve a dry cough, it is a very powerful combination. For a simple dry cough without mucus or bronchospasm, a simpler cough suppressant (like one containing only Dextromethorphan) might be a more appropriate first choice. Always consult your pharmacist or doctor.

Sources

1. Ambroxol Information - Drugs.com
2. Guaifenesin Information - Drugs.com
3. Theophylline Information - Drugs.com
4. Official Product Leaflet for Farcosolvin.