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Antibiotics must be prescribed by a doctor. Always complete the full course of treatment as directed to prevent antibiotic resistance.
Amoxicid (Amoxicillin): A Complete Guide to the Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic
Manufacturer: CID (Chemical Industries Development), Giza, A.R.E.
Category: Broad-Spectrum Penicillin Antibiotic
Active Ingredient:
- Amoxicillin (as trihydrate in capsules/suspension; as sodium in vials)
Amoxicid is available in multiple forms and strengths, including capsules, powder for oral suspension, and vials for injection.
Summary
Amoxicid is a widely used, broad-spectrum antibiotic containing Amoxicillin. It is effective against a wide range of common Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Amoxicid works by killing susceptible bacteria (bactericidal action) and is used to treat a vast array of infections throughout the body, from common respiratory infections to more specific conditions like H. pylori eradication and endocarditis prophylaxis.
Mechanism of Action: How Does Amoxicid Work?
Amoxicid exerts its bactericidal effect by interfering with the bacteria's ability to build and maintain their cell walls. It specifically inhibits the biosynthesis of a crucial component of the cell wall called mucopeptide. This weakens the cell wall, causing the bacterium to rupture and die. This action is most effective when bacteria are in a stage of active multiplication.
Therapeutic Indications: When to Use Amoxicid
Amoxicid is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible organisms, including:
- Respiratory Tract Infections: Bronchitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, otitis media (middle ear infection), and uncomplicated community-acquired pneumonia.
- Genitourinary Tract Infections: Cystitis (bladder infection), pyelonephritis (kidney infection), prostatitis, urethritis, and gonorrhea.
- Gastrointestinal Tract Infections: Enteritis, bacillary dysentery, typhoid/paratyphoid fever, and as part of a multi-drug therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication.
- Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: Pyoderma, cellulitis, and infected wounds.
- Other Serious Infections: Used in combination for Listerial meningitis and for the treatment and prevention (prophylaxis) of endocarditis.
Dosage and Administration
Dosage is determined by the physician based on the type and severity of the infection, and the patient's age and weight.
- Upper Respiratory, GU, Skin Infections (Standard Dose):
- Adults: 250 mg every 8 hours.
- Children (<20 kg="" strong=""> 20 mg/kg/day in divided doses every 8 hours.
- Lower Respiratory Infections or Severe Infections:
- Adults: 500 mg every 8 hours.
- Children (<20 kg="" strong=""> 40 mg/kg/day in divided doses every 8 hours.
Dosage may be adjusted for patients with impaired renal function. Vials are used for more severe infections requiring parenteral administration.
Contraindications and Drug Interactions
- Contraindications: Strictly contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity (allergy) to penicillins or cephalosporins.
- Key Drug Interactions:
- Allopurinol: Increases the risk of developing a skin rash.
- Probenecid: Decreases the kidney's ability to excrete Amoxicillin, leading to higher and prolonged blood levels.
- Bacteriostatic Antibiotics (e.g., Tetracycline): May interfere with the bactericidal effect of Amoxicillin.
- Oral Contraceptives: Amoxicillin may reduce the effectiveness of estrogen-containing birth control pills.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
- What is the most important thing to know before taking Amoxicid?
- You must inform your doctor of any history of allergy to penicillin or cephalosporins. An allergic reaction can be serious. If you develop a skin rash, hives, or difficulty breathing while taking Amoxicid, seek medical help immediately.
- Should I take Amoxicid with food?
- Amoxicillin can be taken with or without food. Taking it with a meal may help reduce potential gastrointestinal side effects like nausea or diarrhea.
- Is Amoxicid safe during pregnancy?
- The pamphlet states that Amoxicid is not known to be harmful during pregnancy or lactation. However, like any medication, it should only be used if prescribed by a doctor who has determined that the benefits outweigh any potential risks.
Sources
- Amoxicillin Information - Drugs.com
- Amoxicillin - StatPearls, NCBI
- Official Product Leaflet for Amoxicid.